Geoegb hayes



G. HAYES.

(No Model.)

SKYLIGHT.

Patented. May 27, 1884.

N. PETERS, Phola-Lillwgmphcr washin mm DAL llwrrnn dramas Parent warren.

GEORGE HAYES, OF EW YORK, N. Y.

SKYLIGHT.

SPECIPECATION forming part of Letters Paterit No. 299,387, dated May 27,188%.

Application filed July 27, 1853. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE HAYES, a resi dent of the city, county, andState of New York, have invented anew and useful [mprovement inSkylights, of which the following is a specification.

The nature of myinvention consists in constructing the skylights withdouble glazing. Bars of sheet metal are formed with double rabbets. Uponthe upper rabbets thereof are placed the usual plain or uncolored glasspanes, and upon the lower rabbets are placed colored glass panes, eitherstained, painted, or ground in patterns, a flue-space or duct being leftor formed between the upper and lower sheets of glass.

The object of this construction is to obtain strength in the glazing,with ornamental appearance, and in an economical manner, and to retainall desirable provision for the es cape of water of condensation orleakage.

Hitherto it has been the practice to construct an exterior skylight andan interior dome or ceilingligl1t-theinnerlaidhorizontally,which cutsoff the means of ventilation and retards or obstructs the light-overhalls or stairways wherever the effect of a' dome or in'teriorlight wasdesired. The skylight and interior light were complete structures, eachseparate and independent of the other, the outer glazed with clearglass, which can be obtained'in such thickness as desired for strength,while the lower or inner light was glazed with colored, ground, orornamental glass, which is Often very frail, and can only be obtained incomparative thinness, unless at great cost. Consequently the coloredglass would not answer for exterior purposes, but required the otherskylight above it for protection, and when the patterns or designsvaried it would be impossible to use it in a single or outer glazedskylight, by reason of the necessity of using glass in small pieces toconstitute a kaleido scopic effect or varied pattern, withlead clipsbetween the joints, as usual in decorative glazing, the lead clips nothaving sufficient rigidity or strength to withstand the violence of windand weight of rain, hail, or snow, and the glass used in such work beingmuch thinner than that used for skylight-glazing out side. Theconstruction of two independent structures was expensive andobjectionable,

the inner interfering with both light and ventilation. this by combiningin one skylight structure the two kinds of glazing, whereby the cost ismaterially lessened, the risk of breakage also, and the effect as toappearance improved.

It further consists in the construction or formation of a flue-space orduct or passagechamber formed between the upper and under sheets ofglass, confined into sections by the bars or not, according to the formof skylight and its intended location. The space so formed is providedwith inlet and outlet apertures, as many as desirable, and said space orchamber is for ventilating purposes, whereby currents of air can pass upthrough the space or chamber as a flue, aided by exterior apertures inthe base-frame of the skylight, and find exit at or near the ridge ofthe skylight. The currents may pass into the usual metallic ridgeventilator, and thereby in crease the rapidity of the currents therein;

- or they may escape through an aperture left at the ridge'in the upperglazing, and from beneath a glazed hood finally pass to the outside ofthe structure. This is especially beneficial in a skylight, as the solarheat generated at or near the skylight creates a current. hen solar heatdoes not exist, the artificial heat of the building inevitably finds itsway to the skylight, and a current will be created by thepeculiararrangement of flues or ducts, and thus contribute largely toventilation.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is a vertical section of askylight, showing baseframe with gutter, metallic ridge ventilator, anddouble glazing down the slope, at fluespace or duct formed between,having inlet and outlet apertures, arrows showing direction ofair-currents. Fig. 2 is a vertical section of a skylight, (one-halfonlyshowm) illustrating the same system of double glazing and Huespace,the outlet therefrom being undera hood at the ridge, the metallicventilator dispensed with, and a glazed hood as an equiva- My inventionis intended to obviate lent therefor as to outlet for flues, beingentirely a transparent ventilator. Fi 3 is a cross-section on the linesaw of Fig. 1, giving two bars or rafters, double glazing, and fluespaceor air-duct between. with double rabbets. Other forms of bar may Thisshows bars [an air-current to facilitate the ascent of airbe used; butdouble rabbets are necessary. Fig.4 is a vertical section of askylightwherein the inner glazing is arched or domed, the flue-space orpassage-chamber being an equivalent to that shown in the other figures.In this form gas-jets may be used at nightto give effect and light inhalls or other places where desired. Fig. 5 is a vertical section ofanother manner of placing the lower sheets of glass, producing flues orpassage-chamber essentially alike in results to those shown in theprevious figures. Gas may herein be used also.

A represents the base-frame of skylight, pro vided with an insidegutter, A, having outlets for water at A, which answer for inlet ofcurrents underneath the upper glazing.

B represents a metallic ridge ventilator or boxing, having open bottomat B, and outlets therefrom at B". I

0 represents the upper sheets of clear or, plain glass, and D the undersheets of stained, colored, or ground glass.

E represents the flue-space, air-duct, or passage-chamber between theglasses, having in I let-aperture at E and outlet at E.

F represents a hood, glazed at F, and hav- 1 ing outlet at Theair-currents may pass 1 i l l off by or through the metallic boxing ofFig. 1, B, or by or through glazed hood F of Fig. 2. G representsgutters of the bars providing for escape of all water reaching them fromleakage or condensation. They may be 10- I cated above the lowerglazing, as in Figs. 4 I and 5, or below, as in Figs. 1, 2, and 3. I Hrepresents the bars, a form of which I 1 show in section, Fig. 3, withupper rabbets, H, and lower rabbets, H Other forms may be used whichwould be equivalents therefor, 0 when provided with the double rabbetsessentially in position shown. The gutters G may be otherwise locatedwhere desirableas, for instance, between the glasses 0 and D, as inFigs. 4 and 5'.

WVhat I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. A doubleglazed metallic skylight the skeleton of which consists ofsheet-metal bars or rafters, sheet-metal ridge, and sheet-metalv obase-frame, the glazing consisting of exterior plates of plain oruncolored glass and interior plates or pieces of colored, stained, orground glass, substantially as shown and de scribed. i

2. In a metallic skylight, the combination of outside plates of plain oruncolored glass, (J, with inside plates or pieces of stained or groundglass, D, having between them air passage or chamber E, provided withinlet-aper- 6o ture E and outlet-aperture E substantially as shown anddescribed. v

3. In a double-glazed metallic skylight, a flue space or chamber, E,between the upper and under sheets of glass, having inlet-aperture Eleading thereto, and protected outletaperture E leading therefrom, forthe purpose of ventilating apartments and halls in build ings,substantially as shown and described.

GEO. HAYES.

Witnesses JACOB Koorr, Gnonorn A. HAYES.

